TOEFL

A.TOEFL
TOEFL stands for Test Of English as a Foreign Language (Test of English as a foreign language), which is organized by an institute in the United States in 1960 called ETS (Educational Testing Service).

TOEFL is the Test of English proficiency with American accent needed someone to sign up go to college outside negari as well as one of the requirements to apply for a job.
TOEFL test objective was to measure the level of mastery of English to people who have a language of their own countries instead of using English.

There are some things that are tested on the TOEFL test, namely:

1. Listening Comprehension

2. Grammar Structure and Written Expression

3. Reading Comprehension and Parts

4. Writing.

B. TYPES TOEFL

There are three types of TOEFL issued by ETS (English Testing Service), namely:

1. PBT (Paper Based Test) TOEFL

PBT-TOEFL is the TOEFL Test form was first issued by ETS. System test on TOEFL PBT-use paper or sheets of paper and answer sheet about to be filled with a 2B pencil.

The materials tested are:

a. Listening

b. Structure

c. Reading

2. CBT (Computer Based Test) TOEFL

CBT-TOEFL is the second form, replacing PBT-TOEFL. CBT-TOEFL test systems no longer use paper, but directly to the computer. All about using the softwere and every question was answered / done in the computer. CBT was first issued in 1998. However, in some countries in Asia, especially Indonesia are still allowed to use the PBT (ITP-TOEFL) as a standard International TOEFL Test. So that the prestige of CBT in Indonesia is very minimal. Even today there are still many Indonesian people who does not know what the CBT-TOEFL.

The materials tested are:

a. Listening

b. Structure

c. Reading

d. Writing

3. iBT (internet Based Test) TOEFL

iBT-TOEFL or also known as the Next Generation (NG) is a form of TOEFL Test TOEFL recently issued ETS and introduced since 2005, but in Indonesia, only entered into force since 2006 as the International TOEFL Test standards recognized in the world. ETS made many changes to the format and the latest system TOEFL Test. -TOEFL iBT also use computer media, it's just on the iBT test system using the internet. Thus the test participants directly on-line with ETS and answering test questions as well as on-line.

The material in the test are:

a. Listening

b. speaking

c. writing, and Reading

If the TOEFL test score of 500 (PBT) or 173 upwards (CBT) over the odds for admission in foreign universities are very large demand. TOEFL test score below 450 indicates that English language skills are still the standard (or even lower) so it is advisable to follow an English course. While the value of 450-499 indicates English skills above average but there are still some things that need to be established again (reviewed) whether in its structure, listening, or reading it depends where the lowest value.

Toefl examples of questions :

1. He .. bacon and eggs every morning.

A. is used to eat

B. hadused to eat

C. has been used to eating

D. use to eating

Answer: C. has been used to eating

The word "used to" is used to compare the past and present time, and often show the meaning of habit or repetition. (Zandvoort, 1980:84).

2. You .... seatstodau guide if you want to go to the game.

A. had better to reserve

B. had better reserve

C. had to better reserve

D. had better to reserve

Answer: B. had better reserve

One of the English expression to say "better" is "had better + V1". So, "had better reserve" (better book) is the right choice for the sentences.

3. Mr. Reagan was ... the long chain of unfortunate events

A. the first to break

B. the first breaking

C. firstly broken

D. breaking the first

Answer: A. the first to break

The phrase "the first to break" in the sentence stretcher comes from the long form "the first man who broke". The phrase "man who broke" with the past tense verb can be replaced with a structure "to + V1", which is "to break".

4. Often there is disagreement as to ... is the better students, Bob or Helen

A. Whom

B. Whose

C. who

D. roomates

Answer: C. who

Pronoun is the most appropriate person "who", because it serves as a substitute for dalamanak subject of the sentence.

5. It's a shame that you have .... time in New York on the tour

A. so few

B. solittle

C. a few

D. a little

Answer: B. solittle

The word "time" including nouns can not be counted (uncountable), so to say "so little time" right is "so little time". "Little" is only used on nouns can not be counted.